Shaanxi Expressway Optimized Tunnel Lighting Design Strengthens Tunnel Lighting Management
Shaanxi Expressway Optimized Tunnel Lighting Design Strengthens Tunnel Lighting Management Shaanxi Province is a mountainous inland province, consisting of the Guanzhong Plain in the central part, the Loess Plateau in the north and the Mu Us Desert, and the Qinba Mountain Area in the south. The ancients called it “difficult to go upâ€. Most of the sacred roads in Qingtian are in this area. The mountainous area of ​​the province and the Loess Plateau account for about 80%.
In order to facilitate transportation, as early as the Western Han Dynasty, the first tunnel in the history of China's traffic was drilled in the Qinling Mountain Road. In the modern Shaanxi highway construction, some road tunnels have also been built, and tunnel technology has also developed. The 46.2-meter-long Jitouguan Tunnel, built in 1935, is the earliest modern highway tunnel in our province. The Heishan Temple Tunnel, which was built in 1958 and has a length of 250 meters, was built in 1986 and is a 1007-meter-long Jinduicheng special road. Laoyeling Tunnel. Generally speaking, before the 1990s, due to the low grade of the road, the crossing of the mountain was mostly circled by the exhibition line. The number of tunnels was small, the length of the tunnel was short, and the technical level of the tunnel was low.
Since the beginning of the new century, with the improvement of highway grades and the large-scale construction of expressway networks, as well as the more attention paid to the protection of the ecological environment, the highway tunnels in Shaanxi Province have developed by leaps and bounds, and the number has increased rapidly. Expanded and built a number of special and super-long tunnels, and the technical level of tunnels has developed rapidly.
At present, Shaanxi Province has become a major province of the country, with a large number of tunnels, large scale and long mileage. More than 430 expressway tunnels have been built in the province. The Qinling Zhongnanshan Tunnel, the Baojiashan Tunnel and the Changhan Tunnel and the tunnel group of the Xihan Expressway are the most famous. The length of the Qinling Zhongnanshan Highway Tunnel is 18.02. Kilometer is the world's largest and second-long road tunnel. The tunnel has developed many advanced technologies for highway tunnels. It is a landmark project for highway tunnels in China. There are still a large number of highway tunnels under construction. The safety of road tunnel operations has been widely concerned. Safety, environmental protection, high efficiency and energy conservation are the goals pursued in highway engineering construction, especially in the operation and management of highway tunnels. At the same time, there are contradictions in the safety and energy saving of tunnel lighting systems, which has caused a prominent problem in the operation of existing highway tunnels. The mechanical and electrical equipment of highway tunnels can be afforded and cannot be used...
Special Event Month: Design and Operation Management for Tunnel Lighting 觅 Liang Fang, Director of the Construction Department of the Shaanxi Provincial Department of Transportation, said that the tunnel is a special tubular structure, no matter the daytime, unlike the spacious road outside the cave. And at night, vehicles have visually adapted and dark adaptation problems through tunnels, which will cause visual and psychological obstacles, affect driving behavior, and are special road sections where the psychological and physiological responses of drivers and passengers are relatively strong. Therefore, the main purpose of tunnel lighting is to create a good working visual environment, ensuring that vehicles traveling during the day and night can safely approach, traverse and tunnel through the design speed. Due to the comprehensive promotion of tunnel lighting work in China, the history of research on tunnel lighting technology is very short. (The first road tunnel ventilation lighting design specification issued by the Ministry of Communications in 2000) studies the visual physiology and driving behavior of Chinese vehicle drivers. Insufficient, the current regulations have a large number of references and adopted foreign technical standards and empirical data, there are many problems. At the same time, due to the rapid development of highway construction in China, the construction period is relatively concentrated, and a large number of tunnels are built in the short term. In the case of insufficient experience and research support, many tunnel lighting designs have deviations in understanding and implementation specifications, resulting in actual operation results. There are many problems.
On May 15, Hu Sheng, deputy director of the Shaanxi Provincial Department of Transportation, presided over the seminar on lighting design and operation management of highway tunnels, the relevant departments of the provincial department, two major groups and some key projects and operating branches, and participated in Shaanxi Province. Relevant comrades in the design of highway design, office consulting and other responsible comrades invited experts in tunnel lighting inside and outside the province to carefully analyze the current problems of tunnel lighting, and proposed to improve and strengthen the design, construction and operation management of highway tunnel lighting. Comments and suggestions.
Hu Zhan pointed out that as a large province of tunnels, Shaanxi has become more prominent in solving the problem of excessive tunnel lighting. It must be given high priority to face up to the problems in tunnel lighting design, construction and operation management, ensuring safety and not reducing Under the premise of service level, we will continue to optimize and improve lighting design, strengthen tunnel lighting operation management, and effectively correct problems such as copying, design, and over-lighting in design, improve design and management, maximize energy conservation, and save money. .
Hu Sheng stressed that in the current accelerated construction, all personnel involved in the construction and management of key projects must follow the “required problem awareness†repeatedly requested by Director Cao Sen, and perform their duties responsibly and responsibly. Examine and study, reflect on the key areas of construction, correct the phenomenon of ignoring the problem, ignore the problem, find and face the existing problems, continuously improve and improve, ensure that the key construction is better and faster, better and faster.
In combination with the actual lighting design and operation management of expressway tunnels in Shaanxi Province in recent years, in accordance with the requirements of the Provincial Council “Highway Tunnel Lighting Design and Operation Managementâ€, Shaanxi Province launched “Highway Optimized Tunnel Lighting Design and Strengthened Tunnel Lighting Management†in June. Special activities month, strive to completely solve the outstanding problems in tunnel lighting design, construction and operation management, optimize tunnel lighting design, improve design quality, strengthen tunnel lighting construction and operation management, improve management level, ensure safety and not reduce service level Under the premise, the lighting engineering construction investment and operation and management expenses should be minimized, so that the tunnel lighting in Shaanxi can achieve “resource conservation, capital saving, security, quality assurance service, environmental friendliness, and exemplary demonstration†to The title of the big time matches.
Shaanxi Provincial Department of Transportation has organized relevant personnel to learn and personal self-learning tunnel lighting design and maintenance, operation management and other specifications and related knowledge. Invite senior experts and scholars in China to hold special technical lectures on highway tunnel lighting design and operation management. Our design and operation management personnel learn, exchange and discuss knowledge and information on tunnel lighting; organize surveys on the quality of used tunnel lighting fixtures, Analysis, technical requirements for new energy-saving lamps; for construction projects and operational sections as the unit, led by the project construction management office and the operating branch, all relevant participants participate, according to the new concept, combined with the project and the pipeline In practice, measures and opinions for optimizing and perfecting the design, adjusting the implementation plan, and improving the management model were proposed separately. In order to do a good job of optimization and improvement, the Shaanxi section of Qinglan Expressway under construction and the Xiyang section of Xihan Highway, which is under operation, are selected to optimize and perfect typical demonstration projects and typical demonstration sections. Formulate the Guiding Opinions on Lighting Design and Operation Management of Shaanxi Road Tunnels to Guide the Design, Construction and Operation Management of Highway Tunnel Lighting in the Province
Design Guidance: Safer and more energy efficient for tunnel operations
In order to solve the contradiction between “construction and operation†and “safety and energy saving†of highway tunnels, especially the tunnel lighting problem, the operation management unit generally reflects that the tunnel lighting operation cost is too high, and the design unit has technical standards for the current “Code for Ventilation Design of Highway Tunnelsâ€. Inconsistent, leading to large differences in lighting design standards and results for different tunnels on the same highway. The Shaanxi Provincial Department of Transportation entrusted the Shaanxi Provincial Highway Society and the China Communications First Highway Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd. to prepare the "Guidelines for the Design of Shaanxi Expressway Tunnel Lighting System (Trial)", which was officially issued.
The work was written to provide practical technical guidelines for the design and operation management of highway tunnel lighting systems in Shaanxi Province. Based on the “Code for Design of Ventilation and Lighting for Highway Tunnelsâ€, the relevant scientific research results were taken as reference, and the province’s actual conditions were fully Investigated and summarized the experience of lighting design and operation management of expressway tunnels inside and outside the province. "Guidelines for the Design of Expressway Tunnel Lighting System in Shaanxi Province (Trial)" are divided into general rules, general regulations, intermediate section lighting, entrance section lighting, transition section lighting, exit section lighting, dimming and control, light sources and lamps, and proximity sections. 15 sections including dimming, emergency lighting, tunnel lighting, lighting calculation, lighting arrangement, application of new energy-saving light source, lighting supply and distribution.
The design guidelines are applicable to the newly built expressway tunnels and rebuilt highway tunnels in Shaanxi Province, and can also be applied to the optimization and reconstruction projects of the operated highway tunnel lighting systems; the new and reconstructed tunnels of other grades can be referred to.
According to the "Design Guidance", tunnel lighting is a systematic project. The pavement type, decoration, portal type, surrounding environment of the tunnel, and tunnel ventilation all have great influence on tunnel lighting. Tunnel lighting should be included in the overall design of the tunnel. . In the tunnel, especially in the lighting inlet section, transition section and exit section, the composite pavement asphalt top layer should adopt a light-colored pavement. The inner wall of the tunnel, especially the walls on both sides, should be decorated with materials with high reflectivity. The type of the door should be cut as much as possible, and the dark green slope should be used; if the door is in the end wall type, the wall should be dark-colored dark end wall (reflectance should be less than 0.17), and should not be over-decorated. Large dark green landscaping or slope protection should be used around the entrance; tall trees should be planted on both sides of the roadbed from the illuminated parking distance to the tunnel entrance. The design concentration of tunnel ventilation smoke should be determined in combination with the type of tunnel illumination source. When the lighting uses a white light source, the ventilation smoke design concentration should be increased by one level. Tunnel lighting can be implemented in stages according to the growth of traffic volume. In the initial stage of tunnel opening, if the predicted traffic volume is small, tunnel lighting facilities can be configured according to the recent designed traffic volume, but planning and design should be done once, and the reserved pre-buried project should be completed. . The design of tunnel lighting system should follow the design concept of “safety, energy saving, environmental protection and practicalityâ€. The lighting calculation parameters should be selected reasonably, and the design should be refined. Under the premise of ensuring driving safety and not affecting the traffic capacity, the project should be saved as much as possible. Investment and operations management maintenance costs.
The "Design Guidance" requires that for tunnels longer than 300 meters, electro-optical illumination systems should be installed in both near and long term. For tunnels with a length of 100 meters to 300 meters, whether or not an electro-optic lighting system is installed in the near future should be considered in combination with the flat and vertical line shape of the tunnel. If the tunnel entrance and exit conditions are good, the electro-optic lighting system may not be provided, otherwise an electro-optic lighting system shall be provided; In the long-term, the electro-optic lighting system should be installed. The design of the reserved pre-buried project should be completed and completed in the construction of the main body of the tunnel. For short tunnels with good visibility and no electro-optic illumination, LED-induced lamps should be installed and powered by solar energy or from adjacent tunnels. For tunnels less than 100 meters in length, electro-optical illumination systems may not be provided, both near and in the future. For continuous tunnels, it is necessary to consider whether the continuous tunnels are equipped with electro-optical illumination systems in the near and long term in combination with the spacing of the tunnels and the length of each tunnel.
The calculation speed of the tunnel lighting design should be the same as the design speed outside the tunnel, but it should not be greater than 100 km/h. The tunnel lighting calculation speed should be determined in combination with the design of the traffic volume and the specific gravity of the truck, the conditions of the inside and outside of the tunnel, and the size of the tunnel section. When the driving speed outside the tunnel is 120 km / h, the tunnel lighting calculation speed should be 100 km / h; when the driving speed outside the tunnel is 100 km / h, the safety of the traffic and the premise of not affecting the tunnel capacity are guaranteed. Under the tunnel lighting calculation, the driving speed can be 80 km/h; for both cases, an obvious speed limit sign should be set in front of the tunnel entrance. At the junction on the road surface of each section of the lamp, there should be no obvious bright and dark abrupt spots, and a continuous transition is required.
Recently, in accordance with the arrangement of the special activities of the “Highway Optimized Tunnel Lighting Design and Strengthening Tunnel Lighting Management†of the Shaanxi Provincial Department of Transportation, Shaanxi Communications Construction Group entrusted Chongqing Transportation Research and Design Institute to the third design contract section of the Shaanxi section of Qinglan Expressway. The 32,743-meter tunnel lighting system with a single hole has been optimized for design and passed the formal review by the provincial government. A rough comparison of the same caliber, regardless of construction costs, or operating expenses are expected to save about half of the original design.
At present, according to the “Guidelines for the Design of Expressway Tunnel Lighting System in Shaanxi Province (Trial)â€, the tunnel lighting design of other projects under construction and newly started projects in the province is undergoing serious revision and improvement, and the operational projects are also based on the “Design Guidance Opinionsâ€. Actual improvements. Under the premise of ensuring safety and not reducing service levels, it is expected that the comprehensive cost can be reduced by more than 30%. (An Liguang)
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