Oil grade viscosity - Huaqiang Electronic Network

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1, the oil viscosity grade is divided according to temperature

Many people don't know much about the viscosity and grade of the oil. Now, the viscosity grade of the oil can be announced. You can choose the oil grade that suits you according to the local climate characteristics.

Viscosity level temperature range

0W--50 -35°C-------50°C

5W--30 -30°C-------30°C

0W--30 -25°C-------30°C

15W--40 -20°C------40°C

20W--50 -15°C------50°C

30 0 ° C ------ 30 ° C

40 10°C ------50°C

50 20 ° C ------ 50 ° C

According to the regulations of the vehicle, the oil selection principle of the recommended oil and the temperature range is used. If the engine is operated under high load conditions for a long time, low speed, high load or high speed, the shear stress of the oil is large and the temperature is too high, which is not only prone to oil red light. Phenomenon, and the oxidation of the oil is fast, in order to better protect your car, it is best to use a high viscosity and quality grade of lubricant.

2, the classification of oil grade and quality grade

"Oil" is the necessary lubricant to ensure the normal operation of the engine. Its specific function is to lubricate the metal parts, reduce the friction between the parts, take away the huge heat generated by the engine during the work, and clean the fine metal debris generated after the wear. There are also seals, shock absorption, rust prevention, etc., so choosing a suitable oil for your car will directly affect the service life of the vehicle.

(1) Classification of oil

The oil is divided into mineral oil, semi-synthetic oil and fully synthetic oil because of its different base oils.

In the past few years, mineral oil has been widely used in China for its economic price and strong versatility. However, due to the application of high technology and the improvement of cylinder manufacturing technology in recent years, there are basically only some medium and low-end vehicles. Mineral oil is still used. In the ranks of medium and high-end cars, fully synthetic oil has already been listed as standard.

The fully synthetic oil has a higher viscosity index than the general mineral oil. The same oil film index, the synthetic oil can be achieved with a lower viscosity, and the mineral oil needs to be obtained with a relatively thick viscosity relative to the total synthetic oil. Moreover, the viscosity of the total synthetic oil changes with temperature is small, so that under high temperature and cold conditions, the proper viscosity can be maintained and the engine can be properly protected. In the same working environment, the total synthetic oil is also used much longer than mineral oil.

However, fully synthetic motor oil may not be used in all vehicles. Fully synthetic motor oil has excellent permeability in high temperature working environment, so old and low-grade cars should not be used. The old car's cylinders are worn out (and low-end cars are used). It is because the cylinder gap in the manufacturing process itself is relatively large), so the use of fully synthetic engine oil may cause leakage, resulting in burning oil and excessive carbon deposition.

It is very important to choose the right type of oil, especially in the cold north. The low temperature in winter will thicken the viscosity of the oil, which is the main reason why the engine is shaken in the morning (the oil pump is difficult to pump properly).

(2) Viscosity grade and quality grade

Viscosity grade: The classification of the viscosity grade of the oil is based on its viscosity value and has an internationally uniform standard. SAE is an industry standard based on the American Society of Automotive Engineers.

The meaning of viscosity index: “W” means multi-stage oil. It is a kind of oil with a wide temperature range. Its viscosity can be adjusted within a certain range. It will thicken when exposed to heat and become thinner when it is cold. This can reduce the resistance of the engine and Wear and tear.

The value before the letter W represents the viscosity of the oil at low temperature, and the low viscosity oil is good for the cold start; the value without letters indicates the viscosity of the oil at high temperature, that is, the performance of the oil lubrication at high temperatures.

The SAE compilation indicates the viscosity characteristics of the oil in extremely cold and extremely hot environments. It does not represent the quality of the oil. To know the quality of the oil, it is also necessary to refer to the quality of the API (American Petroleum Institute).

Quality level: API quality is divided into gasoline and diesel. The API quality of gasoline is generally divided into SA, SB...SJ nine grades. The SA grade is of low quality and has been eliminated from the market. SJ currently has the highest grade quality. Most of the oils currently on the market are above the SG grade; diesel API quality is also divided into seven grades from CA to CG.

3, only choose the right one

Different grades of oil have different characteristics, and their low temperature startability and high temperature wear resistance and adhesion also have different performances. The viscosity of the oil is inversely proportional to the temperature. When the engine is cold, the viscosity of the oil is high. If the oil is thicker, it will add extra loss to the starter motor and battery. However, if the oil is too thin, work at high temperature. Underneath, it is difficult to form a sufficient protective film to cause insufficient lubrication, resulting in increased wear of the machine.

For most cars, the higher the quality level, of course, provides more protection for the engine, but the choice of SAE (viscosity level) must be combined with factors such as driving style, environment and vehicle performance. For example, people who often like high-speed shifting brakes, high-speed operation for a long time will make the engine's working temperature remain high. This type of car owner should use better heat-resistant engine oil, such as SAE15W-50, SAE10W-40, etc. The heat dissipation effect; if the vehicle is in a cold working environment for a long time, because the viscosity of the oil itself is higher at low temperatures, it may be considered to use some relatively thin oil, such as SAE5W-30.

4, oil can not be mixed

The quality requirements for oil in the general owner's manual have been determined, and different vehicle systems have different requirements for oil due to different design styles. It is recommended that the owner should go to the original factory to replace the oil dispensed by the manufacturer. If there is a mechanical failure after replacing the non-original engine oil, the manufacturer may not compensate.

The oils produced by different manufacturers must not be mixed, because each manufacturer will add additives such as anti-wear agents and anti-oxidants when developing oils. The additives produced by these different manufacturers may cause chemical reactions and invalidate the oil. Engine oils produced by the same manufacturer but with different grades cannot be mixed.

5, change oil on time

Generally, the semi-synthetic or mineral oil replacement cycle is 5000-7500 km. The fully synthetic oil can be replaced at 8000-10000 km. The oil filter should be replaced every time the oil is changed. Premature oil change can cause unnecessary waste, and prolonged oil change timing can cause early engine wear and carbon deposition, and the oil will increase at any time and the oxidation will fail.

It is best to change the oil when the new car and the newly repaired vehicle are about 2,500 km, which will help to better remove the metal debris generated by the engine during the running-in period.

When filling the oil, pay attention to the amount of oil not too much or too little. It should be between the “low” and “full” positions of the dipstick. If the oil level is too low, the oil pressure will be insufficient. If the oil is too full, the oil will be too full. Increase the running resistance of the crankshaft connecting rod and accelerate the formation of carbon deposits in the combustion chamber.