How to convert between the luminous intensity Iv of the LED and the illuminance E

First understand the definition of the following illuminance: illuminance refers to the ratio of the luminous flux dφ on the bin on a light receiving surface to the area ds of the bin. The illuminance is expressed in lux and is represented by the symbol lux, which can be expressed as:
E=dφ/ds (71-1)
Obviously, under the same luminous flux, the larger the area of ​​the illuminated bin, the smaller the illumination, and vice versa.
If the luminous flux φ of the LED and the area to be irradiated are known, the illuminance E can be converted. If the luminous intensity Iv and the emission angle θ of the LED are known, the illuminance of the surface irradiated on the surface area S can be converted. .
For example, an LED with an emission angle of 60° and a light intensity of Iv=1cd can be obtained from the following steps when it is illuminated on a plane with a normal distance of 0.1M:
From the above-mentioned conversion of Iv and φ, it can be known that the equivalent luminous flux φ=4π×(60°/360°) ≈21m of the LED light source having an emission angle of 60° and an emission intensity of 1 cd, and the surface irradiated to a distance of 0.1 M. In the case of Yuan, the area S of the illuminated face element is:
S=π(dtan30°) 2≈3.14×(0.1×0.58) 2≈0.0105M 2
Then there are: E = φ / S = 21m / 0.0105 ≈ 190lux. If the distance is 1 M, the illumination at the illumination angle is only 1.92 lux.
From the above interchange of these parameters, it is conditional. The comparison with the use conditions is not related to the luminous flux φ. Therefore, when the LED is used in the field of illumination, the optical flux is often used to express its optical parameters. Can understand.

PWM Solar Controller

The main function of the PWM Solar Controller is to manage the charging and discharging process between solar panels and batteries in solar power generation systems. It is a traditional charge controller that controls the charging voltage and current through pulse width modulation technology to maintain the charging state of the battery and protect the battery.

Main effect:

Charging control: PWM Solar Controller controls the charging voltage and current through pulse width modulation technology to ensure that the battery is charged at an appropriate voltage and current to prolong the service life of the battery.

Overcharge protection: The PWM Solar Controller can monitor the charging status of the battery, and when the battery is fully charged, it will automatically stop charging to avoid battery damage caused by overcharging.

Over-discharge protection: PWM Solar Controller can monitor the discharge state of the battery. When the battery power is lower than a certain level, it will automatically stop discharging to avoid battery damage caused by over-discharge.

Differences from other charge controllers:

Modulation technology: PWM Solar Controller uses pulse width modulation technology to control the charging and discharging voltage and current to maintain the charging state of the battery. In contrast, MPPT Solar Controller uses maximum power point tracking technology to adjust the output voltage and current of solar panels in real-time to achieve maximum power output.

Energy conversion efficiency: Compared with the MPPT Solar Controller, the energy conversion efficiency of the PWM Solar Controller is lower. Because the pulse width modulation technology cannot adjust the operating point of the Solar Panel in real-time, the output power of the solar panel may not be maximized.

Application Scenario: PWM Solar Controller is a traditional charge controller suitable for small-scale, low-power solar power generation systems. The MPPT Solar Controller is suitable for larger-scale, high-power solar power generation systems to improve energy utilization efficiency.

Overall, the main role of the PWM Solar Controller is to manage the charging and discharging process in the solar power generation system and protect the battery from damage. Compared with MPPT Solar Controller, it uses traditional pulse width modulation technology, and the energy conversion efficiency is lower. Suitable for small-scale, low-power solar power generation systems. The MPPT Solar Controller uses maximum power point tracking technology, which can improve the energy utilization efficiency of solar panels, and is suitable for larger-scale, high-power solar power generation systems.

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