New energy vehicles refer to the use of unconventional vehicle fuels as a power source (or the use of conventional vehicle fuels, the use of new vehicle power units), integrated vehicle power control and drive technology, the formation of advanced technology, with New technology, new structure of the car.
The development of new energy vehicles at home and abroadForeign countries have started much earlier in research on new energy vehicles than in our country. In the United States and Japan, many automakers have launched new energy vehicles and sold them on the market. In order to solve the problem of energy security in Europe and the United States, in order to solve the problem of greenhouse effect and oil dependence, Europe and the United States have introduced policies to encourage the development and promotion of new energy vehicles from the national and regional levels, looking for alternative energy sources, such as: EU continues to strengthen cleaning. Diesel vehicle technology promotes the development of fuel cells. After the financial crisis, all countries in the world focused on the research direction of new energy vehicles on pure electric vehicles. Since 2010, new energy vehicles in the auto industry such as Europe, the United States and Japan have been on the market. Such as Honda Fit EV, BMW MINI E, BMW i100 Coupe, BMW (PHEV) and the world-famous Tesla electric car, the world's whirlwind of new energy vehicles. The characteristics of these new energy vehicles are mainly similar to those of traditional vehicles. The cruising range has been greatly improved compared with the early electric vehicles. The rapid charging technology is generally used, and the maximum speed is increased to more than 100 km/h.
Since 2001, the state has invested heavily in the development of electric vehicles through the “863†project, forming three technical routes of pure electric, hybrid electric power and fuel cells, referred to as “three verticalsâ€; The driving motor and powertrain control system have three common technologies, referred to as “three horizontalsâ€, which form the development layout of “three vertical and three horizontalâ€. 2 In March 2012, the Ministry of Science and Technology announced the “12th Five-Year Plan for Electric Vehicle Technology Developmentâ€, which established the strategy of pure electric drive technology, attached importance to technological transformation, and paid attention to vehicle inheritance technology, key component technology and public platform technology. Deepen the provincial level and perfect. The State Council also issued the "Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2012-2020)", and formulated a new strategic orientation, focusing on the transformation of pure electric vehicles for the development of new energy vehicles and the automotive industry. Industrialization of automobiles and plug-in hybrid vehicles. There are already many automobile factories in China that have started to produce and sell electric vehicles. For example, Jianghuai, Chery, New Ocean, Beiqi New Energy, FAW New Energy, Changan, Zhengzhou Nissan, etc. all have new energy vehicles on the market.
The development of new energy vehicles requires mastery of core technologies such as battery technology, motor drive and control technology, energy management systems, and vehicle technology.
Battery technology includes battery form, process control for battery production, peripherals, and methods of use. Japanese companies have strong technical strength in the battery field, such as Toyota Motor Corporation has obtained more than 400 patents. 3 At present, countries all over the world are studying new technologies of batteries, focusing on solving the problem of battery capacity and fast charging. Graphene batteries are a new research direction. In China, companies such as AVIC Lithium, BYD, and Wulong have already mastered battery technology to achieve mass production of batteries.
The vehicle controller (VCU), motor controller (MCU) and battery management system (BMS) are the most important core technologies, which have an important impact on the power, economy, reliability and safety of the vehicle.
The VCU is the brain of a new energy vehicle. It analyzes the information from the throttle, brake pedal, gear position and other positions to determine the driver's intention. The VCU also detects the speed, text, power, voltage and other information of the vehicle, and sends control commands to the power system and battery system of the vehicle body according to various parameters of the vehicle to command the vehicle to travel. The MCU is a core power electronic unit unique to new energy vehicles and is the brain of electric motors. After receiving the vehicle driving control command of the VCU, it timely controls the motor to output the specified torque and speed to drive the vehicle. The utility model realizes converting the DC electric energy of the power battery into the required high-voltage alternating current, and driving the motor body to output mechanical energy. BMS is one of the three core technologies of new energy vehicles. It is the key technology for the normal operation of new energy vehicle battery systems, improving battery life and ensuring the safety of new energy vehicles. Due to the existence of BMS, when the new energy vehicle battery has early damage, overheating, overload, etc., the battery is protected in time and the driver is alerted.
With the energy crisis and the growing pressure of environmental systems, the future direction of new energy vehicles is mainly to find a new revolution in alternative energy and power systems. First, research on methanol, bioethanol, hydrogen fuel, combustible gas, etc. to replace traditional fuel technology, some technologies have been promoted and applied at home and abroad. The second is the use of electrical energy as a new source of power, mainly using hybrid drive, pure electric drive and fuel cell technology to solve the growing problem of energy shortage and pollution.
Just after the big news came, the country introduced major policies, and traditional car companies, gas stations and 4S stores will sleep all night!
The State Council of the People's Republic of China issued the "Administrative Measures for Official Vehicles of Party and Government Organs", stipulating that party and government organs should be equipped with domestically produced vehicles, take the lead in using new energy vehicles, and gradually expand the proportion of new energy vehicles in accordance with regulations. If the official vehicle is equipped with a new energy car, the price must not exceed 180,000 yuan. Off-road vehicles are not allowed to be used as leading cadres.
Party and government organs take the lead in using new energy vehicles!
In order to promote the development of China's new energy vehicles, the country is also fighting! The amount of new energy vehicles used in official vehicles and public services will be large.
Official vehicles and state-owned enterprises/central enterprises, schools and hospitals, etc., public buses, taxis, postal logistics vehicles, police cars, etc. In these areas, the country has issued relevant new energy vehicle promotion plans, basically requiring that the proportion of new energy vehicles should exceed 50% by 2020.
On September 9, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced that it has initiated research to set a timetable for stopping the production and sale of traditional energy vehicles.
On October 16, the central bank and the China Banking Regulatory Commission jointly issued the "Notice on Adjusting the Relevant Policies for Auto Loans." Announced: The maximum loan for buying new energy vehicles is 85%. In other words, as long as you buy a new energy car, the down payment is only 15%!
On November 21, the Ministry of Public Security officially announced that it would launch a special license for new energy electric vehicles, and immediately implement a “green license plate†nationwide. Green license plates have "privilege" that other license plates do not have. For example, where a green license plate is hoisted, it is not restricted by the tail number; a large number of parking lots are free for two hours; and a delivery courier, as long as it is a green card, is delivered with you.
Today, the world is staring at China. As the world's number one market for new energy vehicle production and sales, China's new energy vehicles are bound to leap at full speed in 2018.
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