Some unique requirements are placed on the correct characterization of the characteristics of electronic circuits operating at high frequencies. At high frequencies, the operating wavelength becomes comparable to the actual size of the circuit components, which results in a distributed property of the circuit performance. Instead of describing the voltage and current at a particular circuit node, it is more appropriate to describe how the electrical waves in the transmission medium correspond to the components on its path. Network analyzers are a class of instruments developed to accurately and efficiently characterize the variation of radio frequency (RF) components with frequency.
A network analyzer is a process of establishing a data model of the transmission and/or impedance characteristics of a linear network by an excitation-response test over the frequency range examined. At frequencies above 1 MHz, the lumped elements actually become "circuits" consisting of basic components plus parasitic phenomena such as stray capacitance, lead inductance, and unknown absorption losses. Since parasitic phenomena depend on individual devices and their structure, they are almost impossible to predict. Above 1 GHz, the geometry of the component can be compared to the signal wavelength, enhancing circuit performance variations due to device structure. Network analysis is generally limited to determining linear networks. Because of the linear condition constraints, a sinusoidal excitation network produces a sine wave output, so the sine wave test is an ideal way to characterize amplitude and phase as a function of frequency.
The network analyzer is a new type of instrument for measuring network parameters. It can directly measure the complex scattering parameters of active or passive, reversible or irreversible dual-port and single-port networks, and give the amplitude and phase of each scattering parameter in frequency sweep mode. Frequency characteristics.
Network Analyzer A comprehensive microwave measuring instrument that performs sweep measurements over a wide frequency band to determine network parameters. The full name is the microwave network analyzer. The automatic network analyzer can correct the measurement results point by point and convert other dozens of network parameters, such as input reflection coefficient, output reflection coefficient, voltage standing wave ratio, impedance (or admittance), attenuation (or gain). Transmission parameters such as phase shift and group delay, as well as isolation and orientation.
Network analyzers are widely used and play an important role in network fault detection and maintenance. They mainly have five functions.
First, the frequency standard function: There are four frequency standard methods to choose from, which is convenient for measuring readings. See the frequency label operation instructions for details.
Second, the normalization function: used to eliminate system errors when transmitting / reflecting measurements. Calibration is full-band calibration in all cases, with a total calibration point (from 1MHz to 1000 MHz) of 500 points.
Third, the storage / recall function: used to store the most commonly used instrument settings.
Fourth, the printing function: standard parallel output interface, matching printer, can print out the test curve and frequency point data.
5. Smoothing function: Eliminate noise on the signal trace and adjust the scanning speed.
The network analyzer makes the test measurement more specific and makes the network run more smoothly.
Network analyzers, whether scalar network analyzers or others, can have a better working effect on device search and search.
The network analyzer can automatically search for and display the device name, IP address, MAC address and data traffic occupied by the network, providing important reference information for network management and fault diagnosis.
During the test, we connected the network analyzer to the test network online. The device immediately started the device search and quickly displayed important information such as the name, type and IP address of the dozen different devices found on the screen. .
The network analyzer solves one test problem after another on the network, which provides great convenience for analyzing and solving problems.
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