As the process of economic globalization accelerates. The demand for response speed in the supply chain is constantly increasing, prompting the global logistics industry to continuously explore new technologies that can improve efficiency and service quality. Modern logistics makes full use of information technology to combine transportation, warehousing, loading and unloading, processing, sorting and distribution to form a complete supply chain. The fundamental purpose of modern logistics is to improve logistics efficiency, reduce logistics costs, meet customer needs, and increasingly show the development trend of information, network, automation, functionalization, and standardization. Informationization is the core of modern logistics. RFID will play a pivotal role in the information construction of the logistics industry.
1 Advantages of RFID in the sales of the logistics industryFor the logistics industry, enterprises and customers are most concerned about the speed of transportation and the accuracy of information, and RFID can meet these conditions. In the logistics industry, it has the following advantages:
(1) Read and write quickly. Only one of the barcodes can be scanned at a time, and the RFID recognizer can simultaneously recognize and read several RFID tags.
(2) The reading and writing distance is far. In the case of being covered, RFID can penetrate non-metallic or non-transparent materials such as paper, wood and plastic, and can communicate transparently. The barcode scanner must be able to read the barcode at close range without object blocking.
(3) Reusable. The current bar code cannot be changed after printing, and the RFID tag can be added, modified, and deleted repeatedly.
(4) The chip itself can store information. The capacity of a one-dimensional barcode is 50 bytes, the maximum capacity of a two-dimensional barcode can store 2 to 3000 characters, and the maximum capacity of an RFID is several megabytes. With the development of memory carriers, the data capacity has also been expanding. The amount of data that will be carried in future items will become larger and larger, and the demand for capacity expansion of the volume label will increase accordingly.
(5) Anti-pollution and durability. Traditional bar code carriers are paper and therefore susceptible to contamination, but RFID is highly resistant to substances such as water, oil and chemicals. In addition, the bar code is attached to a plastic bag or an outer carton, so it is particularly vulnerable to breakage; the RFID tag is to store data in the chip, so it can be protected from fouling.
2 system design2.1 System Design Principle
The sales system of the logistics industry generally consists of a number of subordinate branches, chain headquarters, distribution centers and other institutions. The headquarters, branches, and distribution centers of the industry are often located in different geographic locations of the city. Their respective LAN servers need to be remotely connected through the Internet. The sales industry information management system adopts a distributed database structure: the primary data server is located at the headquarters, the secondary data server is located at each branch, and all the servers form a distributed database system as a whole.
The logistics industry merchandise sales structure block diagram is shown in Figure 1. Each sales shop consists of a payment system, a purchase system, a wireless handheld terminal, and a management system. The four systems are connected by a computer network. The core equipment of the payment system, the purchase system, and the wireless handheld terminal are both RFID readers. The difference is that the payment system deletes the commodity records from the database, the purchase system adds the commodity records to the database, and the wireless handheld terminal provides the customers and staff. use.
2.2 system hardware design
The reader is an indispensable hardware device for the RFID system. It is a tool for data exchange between the system and many mobile electronic tags. It is a key link in the operation of the system. Its technical parameters have a decisive influence on the overall performance and reliability of the system. . The hardware design is the key to determine the performance of the reader. The goal is to achieve the requirements of long reading distance, fast recognition rate and 100% recognition rate. The design of the general RF reader is mainly composed of a control module, a radio frequency transceiver module, an antenna unit, a communication interface module and a power module. After research, it is found that some measures can be taken to improve the performance of the reader. For the application characteristics of chain operation, a passive backscatter RFID reader is more suitable. Structurally, it can be divided into two parts, the RF front end and the digital base band. The RF front end portion includes a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a circulator, and an antenna; the digital baseband includes a DSP and an FPGA chip. The transmitting circuit can be subdivided into a carrier circuit, a modulation circuit, and an amplifying circuit. Figure 2 is a block diagram of the reader structure.
The working process: the carrier circuit controls the voltage controlled oscillator through the phase locked loop to generate the carrier frequency and sends it to the modulation circuit; in the modulation circuit, the mixer mixes the carrier signal and the baseband signal of the reader into a modulated signal, and passes through the low noise amplifier. After filtering, it is sent to the amplifier; as needed, the reader adjusts the gain of the transmitted signal through the attenuator, and the transmitted signal is sent to the reader antenna through the RF power amplifier and then sent to the reader antenna.
2.3 System Software Design
The software system adopts the embedded operating system with open source code as the management platform, which has strong stability and security and compact structure. In addition, the software system has taken many security technical measures, including access control for read and write, subsystem with protection, audit trail, core authorization, etc., to provide users with the necessary security. The RF reader function and interface control function system are shown in Figure 3.
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