Today, the need for better signal strength and faster download speeds has become an integral part of people's daily lives. We are always looking for ways to increase the signal strength of a mobile phone or computer Wi-Fi connection. Whether you are living at home, working outside, or running around, you need good signal reception for communication, and good signal reception depends on the antenna and enough network capacity. Sometimes, although the signal receiving ability is good, the download is still slow, and the call is dropped because of the limited network capacity and/or the high interference intensity. One way to solve the network capacity problem is to use sector partitioning. Antenna and sector partitioning are of paramount importance for the optimization of wireless networks.
antennaLet's start with the basics of antennas and find out why antennas are such an important element. An antenna is one of the most critical and often the most obvious components of a wireless communication system. Whether it's on a towering communication tower, on a Wi-Fi adapter or on a mobile phone, you can see it either big or small. Because each antenna has a specific use, it is also available in a variety of sizes and shapes. However, all antennas have one thing in common: they are the key to determining communication quality and communication range. The effective coverage distance of the antenna is the cell in which it is located, and the multiple cells form the cellular network.
The difference between cellular networks and other communication methods is reflected in the principle of cellular multiplexing. Cellular multiplexing is a method of increasing network capacity by "multiplexing" or re-allocating a single frequency in the operation of a particular cell.
To make this process work, you need to consider the shape of the honeycomb and how it fits. As shown in the figure below (Figure 1), the cells are usually in a chain hexagon. Depending on the density of the service area, hexagonal cells can radiate a few miles or just a few hundred feet.
As with earlier radio communications, channel sensitivity is more limited by external interference than noise issues due to the large distance flexibility. The use of specific sector shape partitions that are directional antennas available in both azimuth (horizontal direction) and height (vertical direction) allows for precise coverage and minimizes interference with adjacent cells.
The interrelationship between cells is a key indicator of network performance. This indicator defines the energy overlap between cells and between the sectors that make up the cell; commonly referred to as the sector power ratio, the signal power outside the desired coverage area formed by the antenna pattern and the signal power in the region. Than (Figure 2). The lower the sector power ratio, the better the antenna's anti-jamming performance.
In a specific practice, especially in cellular network applications, the higher the sector power ratio, the stronger the inter-antenna interference adjacent to the coverage area. When the competing signals overlap, it will cause interference enhancement, which will reduce network performance. For example, when a cell enters another cell, the mobile phone will drop. To prevent such problems from occurring, cellular networks require accurate sector partitioning planning.
The concept of cellular networks requires repeated use of frequencies or codes within the network to support massive voice and data communications. To minimize interference between cells on the same frequency or code, operators have adopted sector partitioning techniques. If the level of interference suppression is low, it means that the distance between cells with the same frequency resources is longer. By suppressing interference by sector division, not only the distance of the multiplexed frequency resource cell can be shortened, but also the spectrum efficiency can be improved, the capacity can be expanded, and the network performance can be improved.
As the density of cellular base stations increases, the coverage area of ​​each cell is typically reduced to reduce the interaction between cells. One of the ways to reduce the coverage of a cellular base station is to reduce the radiation center height of the antenna. However, because this method may place the antenna under obstacles such as buildings or trees, the results are usually less than ideal. Since most cellular networks currently use sector antennas, the second method, beam tilt, can be used to reduce coverage. By tilting the vertical plane lobe of the antenna downwards, the coverage in the horizontal direction can be reduced - this is also the area where adjacent cellular base stations interfere.
The simplest method of beam tilting is to mechanically tilt the entire sector antenna by using the adjustment brackets provided by most antenna vendors. However, this method has a major drawback in that the uniformity of coverage in the horizontal direction of the entire sector cannot be guaranteed. Since the coverage in the forward direction is narrower than in other directions, the reduction in cellular coverage may be uneven. This phenomenon can be expressed in a quantifiable term, that is, "patternblooming."
Advanced wireless networks typically employ a more subtle approach to tilting the vertical plane lobes of the sector antenna by electronically tilting down. This method allows the antenna to be mounted vertically, and the beam tilt is achieved by changing the electrical phase of each unit. In this way, the 360 ​​degree equalization tilt of the lobes can be achieved, and the consistency of the cellular coverage is reduced. For an electric downtilt antenna, no matter the amount of tilt, it does not cause an increase in the distortion of the pattern.
Panasonic nozzles are used to pick up components from Panasonic SMT feeders and mounting it to pcb. This SMT nozzle is specially designed and compatible to Panasonic pick and place machines. Panasonic nozzles have different types for different Panasonic SMT machine series. The types of Panasonic nozzles include nozzles for CM602 nozzle,NPM nozzle,KME nozzle,BM nozzle ect. For more information about Panasonic nozzles, kindly visit our official website or contact us.
Panasonic Nozzle,Cm Type Nozzle ,Panasonic Bm Type Nozzle,Panasonic Smt Bm Nozzle
Shenzhen Keith Electronic Equipment Co., Ltd. , https://www.aismtks.com